INVESTIGATING DETERMINANTS AFFECTING RELUCTANCE IN ENROLLING IN AGRICULTURE PROGRAMS AT TVET INSTITUTIONS IN UASIN GISHU COUNTY, KENYA

Abstract

This study examined the determinants that influenced reluctance to enroll in agriculture programs at Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. Recognizing the critical role of agriculture in the local economy and food security, the research aimed to understand the underlying factors contributing to the low enrollment rates in these programs. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with a sample of 300 students, faculty members, and administrative staff from selected TVET institutions. The findings revealed several key determinants impacting students' decisions. Firstly, socio-economic factors played a significant role; many students reported concerns about financial stability and job opportunities within the agricultural sector. Additionally, parental influence emerged as a crucial factor, with students from farming backgrounds tending to be more inclined to pursue agricultural studies compared to those from non-farming families. Secondly, perceptions of agriculture as a career significantly affected enrollment decisions. While a notable portion of students (65%) viewed agriculture as a viable career path, there was a prevailing stigma associated with the field, often perceived as low-paying and less prestigious compared to other professions. This stigma contributed to reluctance among students, particularly those from urban backgrounds. Furthermore, institutional dynamics, including curriculum relevance and the quality of resources available at TVET institutions, were found to influence students' perceptions. Many participants expressed dissatisfaction with the curriculum, citing it as outdated and disconnected from modern agricultural practices. A lack of practical training opportunities and insufficient exposure to industry partnerships were also highlighted as barriers to enrollment. The study concluded by emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to improve awareness of agricultural careers and enhance the relevance of the curriculum offered in TVET institutions. Recommendations included the establishment of stronger industry partnerships, the provision of comprehensive career guidance, and the development of marketing strategies to positively reshape perceptions of agriculture as a rewarding and sustainable career choice. By addressing these determinants, it was anticipated that enrollment in agriculture programs could be increased, ultimately contributing to the growth of the agricultural sector in Uasin Gishu County.